The political framework of Saudi Arabia

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders: King: SALMAN bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 23 January 2015) - hereditary; the monarch is both chief of state and head of government
Crown Prince and Prime Minister: MUHAMMAD BIN SALMAN bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud (since 27 September 2022)
Next Election Dates: None; the monarchy is hereditary
Main Political Parties: There are no political parties. However, certain political movements may exist (Islamists, Communists, Liberals, Greens, etc.), in the form of illegal organizations. The first municipal elections in Saudi Arabia took place in 2005.
Executive Power: The King is both the Chief of State and the head of the Government. The monarchy is hereditary. The Council of Ministers (cabinet) is appointed by the Monarch and includes many royal family members. The Council of Ministers does exercise both executive and legislative functions, but the legislative power is heavily tied to the King's authority and Islamic law. All decisions and regulations issued by the Council require the King’s approval to be enacted.
Legislative Power: There is no elected legislature in Saudi Arabia at the national level (although there are municipal elections). A Consultative Council was appointed in August 1993 which has 150 members and a chairman appointed by the King for four-year terms. This Council has limited powers and does not affect decision making or power structures in a concrete way.

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