The political framework of Panama

Political Outline

Current Political Leaders: President: José Raúl MULINO Quintero (since 1 July 2024)
Next Election Dates: Presidential and National Assembly: May 2029
Main Political Parties: Panama's political system is based on a multi-party system where parties work together to form coalition governments. The country's major political parties are:

- Realizing Goals (RM): centre-right to right-wing
- Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD): centre-left, populist, social-democratic
- Democratic Change (CD): centre-right, opposition, works toward continued economic growth and better infrastructure
- Panamenista Party (PP): right-wing, populist, conservative
- Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement (MOLIRENA): centre-right, pro-business, liberal, conservative. Allied with the CD
- Another Way Movement (MOCA): big-tent
- People's Party (PP): centre-right, christian democracy, conservative. Formerly known as Christian Democratic Party or PDC.
Executive Power: The president is both the chief of state and the head of government. The president and the vice-president are elected by popular vote for a five-year term and are not eligible for consecutive re-election but can run again after a five-year gap. The president appoints the Cabinet and holds executive powers, which include the implementation of laws within the country and overseeing day-to-day governmental affairs.
Legislative Power: The legislature in Panama is unicameral. The parliament, called the National Assembly, has 71 seats. Members are elected by popular vote for five-year terms through a mixed electoral system: 26 members are chosen via single-member constituencies using a first-past-the-post system, and 45 members are elected from multi-member constituencies through proportional representation. The legislature is a branch of power that is equal to and independent of the executive. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly.

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