Greece flag Greece: Economic and Political Overview

Foreign trade figures of Greece

Foreign Trade in Figures

e largest share of exports in 2025 (21.8%), followed by medicaments (5.4%), aluminium plates and sheets (2.9%), cheese (2.2%), electricity (2.0%), and olive oil (1.9%). As per imports, crude oil was the main item (10.5%), ahead of refined petroleum (4.8%), petroleum gas (4.1%), motor cars (4.0%), and medicaments (3.7%).

In 2025, Greek exports were mostly directed towards Italy (9.2%), Germany (7.8%), Cyprus and Bulgaria (6.4% each), the United States (5.0%), and Romania (4.3%); whereas imports came chiefly from Germany (11.3%), Italy (8.6%), China (8.1%), the Netherlands (6.1%), France and Iraq (4.9% each - data Comtrade).

Data by WTO shows that, in 2025, exports of goods stood at USD 54.8 billion, marking a 1.2% increase year-on-year; whereas imports totalled USD 92.6 billion (0.0% y-o-y). As per services, in 2024 exports totalled USD 55.8 billion against USD 31.1 billion of imports (+5.0% and +5.7% year-on-year, respectively). The World Bank estimated the country’s trade deficit to be 4.5% of GDP in 2025, down from 5.6% the previous year. According to preliminary figures from the Hellenic Statistical Authority, Greek exports from January to December 2025 totalled EUR 48.6 billion, down 2.8% from EUR 50.0 billion in 2024. Excluding oil products, exports rose by EUR 725.6 million (2.0%), and by EUR 793.6 million (2.2%) when excluding both oil products and ships.

 
Foreign Trade Values 20212022202320242025
Imports of Goods (million USD) 77,10599,28589,84092,58892,565
Exports of Goods (million USD) 47,21858,52455,15354,09554,767
Imports of Services (million USD) 26,27029,95129,44631,14532,028
Exports of Services (million USD) 41,46350,29653,02655,68457,776

Source: World Trade Organisation (WTO) ; Latest available data

Foreign Trade Indicators 20212022202320242025
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) 88.0108.192.589.883.5
Trade Balance (million USD) -31,480-41,553-35,751-38,581n/a
Trade Balance (Including Service) (million USD) -16,370-21,669-12,066-13,927n/a
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) 17.410.90.04.8-1.3
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) 24.46.22.21.01.7
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) 47.858.948.647.744.0
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) 40.349.243.842.139.5

Source: World Bank ; Latest available data

Foreign Trade Forecasts 2026 (e)2027 (e)2028 (e)2029 (e)2030 (e)
Volume of exports of goods and services (Annual % change) 1.02.02.12.32.4
Volume of imports of goods and services (Annual % change) 1.62.42.22.52.8

Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook ; Latest available data

Note: (e) Estimated Data

 
International Economic Cooperation
Greece is a member of the following international economic organisations: IMF, European Union, WTO, European Economic Area, ICC, Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC), OECD, among others. For the full list of economic and other international organisations in which participates Greece click here. International organisation membership of Greece is also outlined here.
Free Trade Agreements
The complete and up-to-date list of Free Trade Agreements signed by Greece can be consulted here.
 

Main Partner Countries

Main Customers
(% of Exports)
2025
Italy 9.2%
Germany 7.8%
Cyprus 6.4%
Bulgaria 6.4%
United States 5.0%
See More Countries 65.3%
Main Suppliers
(% of Imports)
2025
Germany 11.3%
Italy 8.6%
China 8.1%
Netherlands 6.1%
France 4.9%
See More Countries 60.9%

Source: Comtrade, 2026. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.

 
 

Main Products

54.2 bn USD of products exported in 2025
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous...Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals (excl. crude); preparations containing >= 70% by weight of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations, n.e.s.; waste oils containing mainly petroleum or bituminous minerals 21.8%
Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed...Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses "incl. those in the form of transdermal administration" or in forms or packings for retail sale (excl. goods of heading 3002, 3005 or 3006) 5.4%
Plates, sheets and strip, of aluminium, of a...Plates, sheets and strip, of aluminium, of a thickness of > 0,2 mm (excl. expanded plates, sheets and strip) 2.9%
Cheese and curdCheese and curd 2.2%
Electrical energyElectrical energy 2.0%
See More Products 65.7%
90.4 bn USD of products imported in 2025
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous...Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude 10.5%
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous...Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals (excl. crude); preparations containing >= 70% by weight of petroleum oils or of oils obtained from bituminous minerals, these oils being the basic constituents of the preparations, n.e.s.; waste oils containing mainly petroleum or bituminous minerals 4.8%
Petroleum gas and other gaseous hydrocarbonsPetroleum gas and other gaseous hydrocarbons 4.1%
Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally...Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons, incl. station wagons and racing cars (excl. motor vehicles of heading 8702) 4.0%
Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed...Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic uses, put up in measured doses "incl. those in the form of transdermal administration" or in forms or packings for retail sale (excl. goods of heading 3002, 3005 or 3006) 3.7%
See More Products 72.9%

Source: Comtrade, 2026. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.

 
 

To go further, check out our service Import-Export Flows.

 

Main Services

55.7 bn USD of services exported in 2024
41.96%
41.22%
6.23%
3.19%
2.10%
1.84%
1.56%
0.91%
0.51%
0.28%
0.12%
0.09%
31.2 bn USD of services imported in 2024
63.03%
9.73%
7.78%
6.36%
4.14%
2.45%
1.37%
1.32%
1.31%
1.29%
1.22%

Source: United Nations Statistics Division, 2026. Because of rounding, the sum of the percentages may be smaller/greater than 100%.

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Latest Update: October 2026